God's Gift To Mankind, The Rare Fruits And Vegetab

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Salacia is a genus of plants in the family Celastraceae. They are woody climbers naturally found in Sri Lanka and southern regions of India.

Several species in this genus of plant have been used in traditional medical systems for thousands of years,[vague] particularly in the Ayurvedic system from India.

The chemical constituents of root bark include polyphenols such as salacinol, kotalanol, and mangiferin. (source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salacia_%28genus%29 on 1/12/2013)
A picture of the fruit on one type of this tree can be seen at korupplants.lifedesks.org/pages/1035
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

A picture of the tree on one type of this tree can be seen at www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/7432416236/

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the GUAVA, Psidium Guajava:

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)

One of my favorite fruits that God (YHWH) has so lovingly provided for the enjoyment of mankind is the tropical GUAVA, (Psidium Guajava). It produces a very sweet fruit of fine flavor and full of vitamin C. In many Spanish speaking countries they make a delightful paste out of it somewhat of the consistency of butter that can be put on sandwiches, crackers, etc. to impart a wonderful flavor.

The common guave, Psidium Guajava, is a native to the American tropics, and has become widely distributed throughout all the warm areas of the world. In fact, its seedlings now grow wild in many areas of the tropics including south Florida and Hawaii. The common guave is often called lemon guava, pear guava, apple guava, etc. There are a great number of varieties all with different flavors some of which are more agreeable to the taste than others. Some of the varieties have round fruit, and others have oblong, pear shaped, and other shapes of fruit.

Their flesh which you eat varies in shade from white to red, but in my opinion the red colored flesh taste the best and is the sweetest.

Many food products are made from the common guava besides the paste previously mentioned. Some of these products are nectars, juices, pies, cakes, soda pop, pastries, etc. All are quite tasteful and enjoyable.

There are several important named varieties such as the Strawberry Guava, P. Catteianum, or Cattley Guava which is one of my favorites. Of this species there are many varieties ranging in size from berry size to the size of an orange.

Some Guavas are more cold hardy than others, but the berry size variety of the Strawberry Guava makes a very nice house plant in the north in a 5 to 10 gallon pot. Of course during the cold whether it must be kept in a warm area of the house. It will grown well in most well-drained loams, much, or sandy soils which are supplied with enough moisture. They require more water for their growth than do citrus trees. They are quite tolerant of acidity and alkalinity, doing well in all the circumneutral soils and even tolerating a pH down to 4.5 or up to 8.2. At either of these extremes they need more nitrogen than usual.

Some of the recognized commercial cultivators in south Florida are: Red Indian, Ruby, Supreme, Miami Red, and Miami White. Much of the work on producing other desirable clones is being conducted by members of the Cuban community in Miami, and in Dade County.

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the GUAVA, Psidium Guajava:

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)

One of my favorite fruits that God (YHWH) has so lovingly provided for the enjoyment of mankind is the tropical GUAVA, (Psidium Guajava). It produces a very sweet fruit of fine flavor and full of vitamin C. In many Spanish speaking countries they make a delightful paste out of it somewhat of the consistency of butter that can be put on sandwiches, crackers, etc. to impart a wonderful flavor.

The common guave, Psidium Guajava, is a native to the American tropics, and has become widely distributed throughout all the warm areas of the world. In fact, its seedlings now grow wild in many areas of the tropics including south Florida and Hawaii. The common guave is often called lemon guava, pear guava, apple guava, etc. There are a great number of varieties all with different flavors some of which are more agreeable to the taste than others. Some of the varieties have round fruit, and others have oblong, pear shaped, and other shapes of fruit.

Their flesh which you eat varies in shade from white to red, but in my opinion the red colored flesh taste the best and is the sweetest.

Many food products are made from the common guava besides the paste previously mentioned. Some of these products are nectars, juices, pies, cakes, soda pop, pastries, etc. All are quite tasteful and enjoyable.

There are several important named varieties such as the Strawberry Guava, P. Catteianum, or Cattley Guava which is one of my favorites. Of this species there are many varieties ranging in size from berry size to the size of an orange.

Some Guavas are more cold hardy than others, but the berry size variety of the Strawberry Guava makes a very nice house plant in the north in a 5 to 10 gallon pot. Of course during the cold whether it must be kept in a warm area of the house. It will grown well in most well-drained loams, much, or sandy soils which are supplied with enough moisture. They require more water for their growth than do citrus trees. They are quite tolerant of acidity and alkalinity, doing well in all the circumneutral soils and even tolerating a pH down to 4.5 or up to 8.2. At either of these extremes they need more nitrogen than usual.

Some of the recognized commercial cultivators in south Florida are: Red Indian, Ruby, Supreme, Miami Red, and Miami White. Much of the work on producing other desirable clones is being conducted by members of the Cuban community in Miami, and in Dade County.

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. is also commonly known as guácima, guácimo, tablote, majagua de toro tapaculo, cualote, cambá-acá, as well as many other names. It is a small to medium sized tree normally found in pastures and disturbed forests. This flowering plant from the Malvaceae family grows up to 30m in height and 30–40 cm in diameter. It is widely found in areas such as the Caribbean, South American, Central America and Mexico serving a number of uses that varies from its value in carpentry to its utility in medicine.

Names
* Bengali: nipaltunth
* English: bastard cedar, bay cedar, pigeon wood, West Indian elm
* French: Bois de Contents
* 1 Common Names
* 2 Description
o 2.1 Botany
o 2.2 Propagation
o 2.3 Pests
* 3 Distribution
* 4 Uses
o 4.1 Wood
o 4.2 Fodder/Food/Shelter
o 4.3 Medicinal
* 5 Gallery
* 6 References
* 7 Further reading
* 8 External links
Common hêtre, Bois d'homme, Bois d'orme
* Portuguese: bois d'orme, embira, fruta-de-macaco, mutamba, orme d'Amérique, pojó
* Spanish: bacedar, cambá-acá, coco, contamal, cualote, guácima, Guácima cimaronna, Guácima de caballo, guácimo, guazuma, iumanasi, kamba aka guasa, majagua de toro, papayillo, tablote, tapaculo
* Tamil: rudrasam, tenbachai, thenmaram, tubakki

Description

Guazuma ulmifolia
Guazuma ulmifolia grows to 30 m in height and 30–40 cm in diameter and comes with a rounded crown. Leaves are distributed in an alternate pattern with 2 rows in assembled flatly. The leaves are ovate to lance-shaped, finely saw toothed margin, usually have a rough texture and are 6–13 cm in length and 2.5–6 cm in diameter. 3-5 main veins arise from the base (rounded or notched, unequal sided) of the leaf which has a darker green upper surface and a fairer green color underneath. They are virtually hairless and thin. The leaf stalks of this species are lean, approximately 6-12mm long, and are covered with small “star-shaped” hairs.

Guazuma Ulmifolia flowers.
The panicles (indeterminate flower clusters) are in a branched pattern around 2.5–5 cm in length and are found at the bottom of the leaves. The flowers come in many, are short stalked, small in size, have a brown-yellow color, five parted, 1 cm in length and have a small fragrance to them. The calyx contains are lobed (2-3), have hairs that are brown or light grey in color, as well as greenish. They have 5 petals with a yellow-like stamen, 15anthers per pistil, 5 stigmas (combined), ovary lighter green in color with hairs, and also contains a style. The fruit which have capsules that are round to elliptical in shape are 15-25mm in length. They have many seeds which are shaped like eggs and are 3mm in length, grey in color.

Propagation
The species itself flowers throughout the year, in particular from April to October. Guazuma ulmifolia can be cultivated by either directly planting seeds or cuttings of the plant, as well as root stumps and bare-root seedlings. Before planting the seeds they needs to be soaked in boiling water for 30 seconds and the water should be drained afterwards. 7–14 days after fresh seeds are planted, germination occurs (60-80% rate).When they reach a height of 30–40 cm which is usually about 15 weeks later they are then prepared for “outplanting.” When using root stumps as a means for propagation they are left to dwell in a nursery for a period of time until the stem of the diameter reached 1.5-2.5 cm, which is usually about 5–8 months.

Pests
The Guazuma ulmifolia falls prey most commonly to the defoliating insect Phelyypera distigma. It is also faced with other defoliators such as Arsenura armida and Epitragus sp. These defoliators very rarely cause problems, but has been witnessed: Aepytus sp, Automeris rubrescens, Hylesia lineata, Lirimiris truncata and Periphoba arcaei.

Distribution
Guazuma ulmifolia is normally found in the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America and Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil. Places such as India have been cultivating them or more than 100 years. Indonesia has in recent times introduced the species into their territory.
* They are native to places such as: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Virgin Islands (US)
* They are considered exotic species to: India, Indonesia

Uses Guazuma ulmifolia (West Indian Elm)

Wood
The wood of the Guazuma ulmifolia is utilized for posts, interior carpentry, light construction, boxes, crates, shoe horns, tool handles and charcoal. The wood is found to be very unproblematic to work with. The sapwood has a color of brown (light) and the heartwood is pink to brown.

Fodder/Food/Shelter
Guazuma ulmifolia serves as a very vital source of fodder for livestock approaching the end of the dry season of the native array dry areas. It is the favored tree for fodder in Jamaica. The trees also serve to bestow shade in pastures. The immature fruits and leaves are given as food to horses and cattle. The fruits are also given to the hogs in Puerto Rico. The leaves and fruits are usually fed to the cattle throughout the arid season. The trees may also serve the purpose of being actual posts surrounding pastures. The seeds are edible raw or cooked

Medicinal
Clinical data supports a use of the seeds for weight loss purposes. It has also been found useful as a(n): Analeptic, Antibacterial, Antidote, Comocladia, Antiherpetic, Antiprostaglandin, Antiseptic, Antiviral, Aperitif, Astringent, Bronchodilator, CNS-Stimulant, Cytotoxic, Depurative, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Emollient, Hemostat, Pectoral, Respirtory stimulant, Stomachic, Uterotonic. In traditional medicine it has also been used to treat Alopecia, Anorexia, Asthma, Bacteria, Bleeding, Bronchosis, Cancer, Childbirth, Cold, Cough, Dermatosis, Diarrhea, Dislocation, Dysentery, Elephantiasis, Fever, Flu, Gonorrhea, Heatstroke, Hemorrhoid, Hepatosis, Herpes, Infection, Leprosy, Malaria, Nephrosis, Parasite, Pneumonia, Proctosis, Prostatosis, Pulmonosis, Rash, Shigella, Sore, Sore Throat, Staphylococcus, Syphilis, Virus, Water Retention. It can be ingested in the form of the crushed seeds soaked within water. Animal studies have supported pharmacological activity of: Antimicrobial, anticancer, hair-loss, anti-inflammation, antiulcer, ACE inhibitor, antioxidant, antidiabet, anticholesterol, hypotensive (source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guazuma_ulmifolia on 3/18/2013)

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

Pictures can be viewed at, www.bing.com/images/search?q=Guazuma+ulmifolia+West+Indian+Elm&qpvt=Guazuma+ulmifolia+West+Indian+Elm&FORM=IGRE

And,

www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/West%20Indian%20Elm.html

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Anonodium mannii (Junglesop) is a fast growing tropical African tree, that grows to 8-30m high, with a girth of up to 2m.[1] It has 20–40 cm long leaves and large flowers which produce edible fruits generally around 4–6 kg, but which can be up to around 15 kg. Fruit flavor is rich but variable and is sometimes described as an acquired taste, though the fruits are generally in high demand in Africa, with large fruits commanding high prices. The fruit is a favorite with local people (who refer to it as "bobo"[2]) and primates, especially bonobos.

Fruit
After approximately 10 years, junglesops begin to produce fruit seasonally. Normally around 5 kg, some are up to 15 kg, making the junglesop not only the largest of the Annonaceae but one of the largest fruits in the world, though not as large as the jackfruit or Telfairia pedata. Inside the tough, leathery brown skin patterned with raised diamond-shapes is a soft yellow-orange pulp with a somewhat peachy but unique flavor ranging from sweet to sour depending upon the genetic qualities of the tree concerned and upon its ripeness when harvested.[3] Some fruits do not taste good, but its rich flavor appeals to most palates and it is rich in Vitamin A.
Cultivation
Recommended cultivation distance is 8 meters square, and planting several trees together is recommended to ensure good pollination. Trees reportedly prefer a rich, acidic and moist but well drained soil.[4] As an understory tree, it is shade tolerant, but susceptible to wind damage. Attempts at cultivation have also been hampered by insect attack[1] and fungal diseases.[3]
Where it occurs naturally, the tree is not generally cultivated, possibly due to the availability of the fruit from wild trees, possibly due to the fact that although fast growing, trees take so long to bear fruit.
Distribution
The natural range of the junglesop is jungles of central Africa, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, Zambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Gabon and Cameroon. As well as in lowland rainforests, it grows on fringing forest and adjacent savanna especially next to rivers, provided the soil is well drained.[4]
It has also been planted in Hawaii, Malaysia and Australia, but has not yet set fruit.[5] A single tree is known to be growing in the continental US, in the Miami garden of pomologistBill Whitman, though it too has never fruited.[6]
External links
* Species listing on Tropicos.org
1. ^ Jump up to:a b Useful plants of Bas-Congo province, DR Congo (2004)
2. Jump up^ www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2009-05-28-voa51-68825652/413874.html
3. ^ Jump up to:a b Lost Crops of Africa: Vol. III: Fruits
4. ^ Jump up to:a b "Congo Native Fruits" by Danforth & Noren, 1998
5. Jump up^ www.fruitipedia.com/junglesop_anonidium_manonii.htm
6. Jump up^ www.tropicsphere.com/main/forums/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=4359
[source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonidium_mannii on 12/16/2013]

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].


To view fruit, go to, www.google.com/search?q=Anonidium+mannii&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=DaSvUuOYLYTDtAaR-4G4Dw&ved=0CDIQsAQ&biw=1280&bih=935

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the The cawesh, Annona scleroderma (Cawesh or Poshe-te) is a species of tree in the Annonaceae family, with an edible fruit the size of an orange.[2] The cream-colored flesh of the fruit has a creamy banana-pineapple flavor, and a soft texture. The fruit's tough skin makes it particularly easy to handle. The fruit is little known outside its native region.[3] It reaches 15 to 20 meters tall.

Its native range is the Atlantic coast of Central America, from Mexico and Guatemala to Honduras. It is not widely cultivated (except in certain parts of Guatemala). A tree grown from seed takes about four years until it produces any fruit.[4]

References[edit]
1. Jump up^ "Annona scleroderma Saff.". GRIN Taxonomy for Plants.
2. Jump up^ "Cawesh". Informed Farmers. May 3, 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-24.
3. Jump up^ "Annona scleroderma". TopTropicals plant catalog. Retrieved 2010-09-24.
4. Jump up^ "Annona scleroderma, Ecocrop". Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN.
[SOURCE - RETRIEVED FROM en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poshe-te ON 8/5/2014]

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

No pictures are available on this very rare fruit.

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To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to, religious-truths.forums.com/default/digital-book-on-18-part-follow-christ-bible-study-3?replies=6#post-1421

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org! 

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Garcinia intermedia is a species of tropical American tree which produces tasty fruit. In English it is known as the lemon drop mangosteen (a name it shares with the closely related and similarly tasting Garcinia madruno). In Spanish it is called mameyito. In Portuguese it is called achachairu. The name achachairu is also applied to Garcinia humilis, another species native to Bolivia with larger, round or egg-shaped fruit(see Achachairu). G. humilis has been commercialized in Australia under the name Achacha.

Growth
The fast growing tree reaches a height of about 5 meters. It is tolerant of a wide range of soils, up to an altitude of around 4000 feet. It can be grown successfully and will fruit in a large pot. It grows best with regular water in full sun in a humid environment. It tolerates high temperatures but is probably not frost hardy. It has small, whitish flowers which are perfect and makes an attractive ornamental tree, especially when in truit, which may be year round. Its leaves are opposite.

The wood is termine resistant and used to make posts and tool handles.

Propagation
The tree is generally propagated from seeds, though it can be grafted. No named cultivars are known. Seeds lose viability if dried, but can retain viability for a period of months if kept moist.

Fruit
The tree may fruit after as little as two years. The fruits are smooth spheres about an inch in diameter with a thin yellow, orange or red rind around a white pulp. They are edible and have an appealing sweet and sour taste. It is usually eaten out of hand, though can be used for drinks, jams and jellies.[2]

Distribution
Native to Central America, it is cultivated sporadically throughout the tropics.[3]

References
1. Jump up^ "Taxon: Garcinia intermedia (Pittier) Hammel". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area. Retrieved 2010-06-12.
2. Jump up^ www.fruitipedia.com/lemon_drop_mangosteen%20Garcinia%20edulis.htm
3. Jump up^ www.montosogardens.com/garcinia_intermedia.htm [SOURCE - RETRIEVED FROM en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garcinia_intermedia ON 8/5/2014]

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

For pictures and more information, go to, davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/188302/

To know more about the Bible and religion, go to:

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To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to, religious-truths.forums.com/default/digital-book-on-18-part-follow-christ-bible-study-3?replies=6#post-1421

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org! 

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Garcinia magnifolia , (Giant Leaf Madrono), Other Names: Charichuela,

Related To: [Clusiaceae] Mangosteen, Imbe, Mameyito 

Main Uses: Fruit, Ornamental 

Growth Rate: Slow to moderate. Grows "exponentially;" the bigger it is, the faster it grows. 

Mature Height/Spread: Small understory tree, to 20' 

Flowering/Pollination: Self-fertile flowers are born in clusters on wood that is at least 2 years old. 

Tolerance: No salt tolerance. Moderate drought tolerance. 

Soil/Nutrition: Tree is adaptable to many soil types, but on neutral, deficient, or alkaline soils, like many American garcinia species it may suffer from iron defiency. Micronutrient supplements both in the soil and as a foliar spray are highly recommended to keep all garcinias growing happily and constantly, under cultivation. 

Light: Part shade to full sun. Can grow in full shade, but fruiting will be limited. 

Wind: Small, sturdy tree. 

Temperature: Tropical, to warm subtropics. Will survive brief frosts; mature trees survive short 27-28 F degree drops without much harm. Young trees will be killed by temperatures below freezing, requiring juvenile protection from cold. 

Dangers: None. 

Diseases Prone: 

Bearing Age: 5-7 years from seed. Trees are not as prolific as other closely relatedgarcinia species, with mature trees bearing perhaps 200 fruit in a good year. 

Fruit: The fruit wall is firm, about 1/4" inch thick, and inedible, containing a stick yellow latex. Inside are seeded segments surrounded, edible whitish flesh of an agreeable sub-acid to sour flavor. Fruits occur twice a year, in the spring and fall. 

History/Origin: Native throughout the Amazon basin in South America. 

Species Observations: 

Propogation: Exclusively by seeds, which must be planted soon after harvest and not allowed to dry out. Seeds can be slow to germinate, sometimes taking 3 weeks. 

Container Culture: Like many garcinia species of small stature, it is possible to grow this species in 15 to 25 gallon containers. 

Medicinal Uses: 

Nutritional Information: 

Preparation / Food: Fruits are eaten fresh. Rind is scored around the equator, with care to to get the bitter sap on the edible portion, and the segmented flesh is eaten. [source - retrieved from www.skyfieldtropical.com/encyclopedia/giant-leaf-madrono/ on 8/14/2014]

Garcinia magnifolia 4x4x10 tree pot
Syn. Rheedia magnifolia. Family: Clusiaceae.  Common Name: madrono. One of several species with the common name madorno. Prized in South America for its edible fruit. Medium sized tree with large dark green leathery leaves. Young plants need some shade. Protect from dry wind. Prefers a slightly acidic soil high in organic matter. Use a complete fertilizer with micro nutrients. Iron and magnesium help maintain deep green color. This species was formerly classified as Rheedia magnifolia. Botanist moved all of the South American Rheedia species into the genus Garcinia. This species is not expected to tolerate cool or cold temperatures. The tree pots are 10 inches deep. When transplanting into a larger pot be sure to use one at least 12 inches deep. [source - retrieved from www.store.hawaiiantropicalplants.com/Garcinia-magnifolia-4x4x10-tree-pot-1576.htm on 8/14/2014]
In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

To view fruit, go to www.indonesiatraveling.com/component/content/article/1326-trees-fruit-/10072-garcinia-magnifolia.html

To know more about the Bible and religion, go to:

1) religioustruths.forumsland.com/

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5) religious-truths.forums.com/

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To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to, religious-truths.forums.com/default/digital-book-on-18-part-follow-christ-bible-study-3?replies=6#post-1421

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org! 

[iris89]

THE RARE FRUIT TREE AND/OR VEGETABLE:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Akebia quinata fruit. Chocolate vine

Akebia quinata flower, Akebia quinata
Common name: Chocolate Vine (5 leaflets)
A fast growing semi-evergreen twining woody vine, with lovely, lush green rounded leaves with 5 leaflets, underside of leaves blue-green colour, tinged purple in winter.

Produces clusters of small trailing chocolate purple coloured spicy, vanilla fragrant flowers. The small three petaled flowers bloom from March to April.

Akebia quinata seed pods
After a long hot summer the 5 inch – 9cm long purple-violet sausage shaped edible fruits split open when ripe in early autumn.

Akebia quinata splitting seed pod
Two varieties of Akebia must be planted in order to obtain fruits.
An unusual and delightful climbing plant.
Fully hardy can withstand temp down to -15°C

Akebia quinata seeds
Lightly cover the seeds with a mixture of loamy soil and coarse sand.
Keep lightly moist.  May take 1 – 3 months to gernminate.
Fast growing.  Full sun or partial sun. Hardy to 24 degrees.
* Common name: Chocolate Vine.
* Position: Sun or partial shade.
* Soil: Moist yet well drained, fertile soil.
* Hardiness: Hardy. Akebia quinata is semi-evergreen and will drop its leaves in a cold winter.
* Flowering Period: April – May.
* Rate of Growth: Vigorous.
* Habit: Large climbing plant which requires support as it will not self-cling. Height: 8 – 10 m (26 – 32 ft) Spread: 2 m (6 ft)
* Notes: Akebia quinata is ideal for climbing up trellis or supporting wires on a wall or fence.

For more planting advice please see my interactive plant identification and pruning guide website www.rightplants4me.co.uk [source - retrieved from completegarden.wordpress.com/2009/09/16/akebia-quinata-fruit-chocolate-vine/ on 8/14/2014]

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

To view pictures of the vine, flower, and fruit, go to completegarden.wordpress.com/2009/09/16/akebia-quinata-fruit-chocolate-vine/


TO KNOW MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION, GO TO:

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To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to, religious-truths.forums.com/default/digital-book-on-18-part-follow-christ-bible-study-3?replies=6#post-1421

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org! 

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Annona cherimola, originally called Chirimuya by the Inca people who lived where it was growing in the Andes of South America, is an edible fruit-bearing species of the genus Annona from the family Annonaceae. It is now widely cultivated mostly for its sweet fruits that share the name Custard-apple with others in its family.[2] Other English common names includecherimoya,[3] chirimoyo, momona, kelemoio.

Description
Annona cherimola is a fairly dense, fast-growing, woody,[4] briefly deciduous[5] but mostly evergreen low branched, spreadingtree[4] or shrub[5] 5 metres (16 ft) to 9 metres (30 ft) tall.[4]

Stems and leaves
Mature branches are sappy and woody;[5] young branches and twigs have a matting of short, fine, rust colored hairs.[4][6]

Leathery leaves 5 centimetres (2.0 in) to 25 centimetres (9.8 in) long[6][7] 3 centimetres (1.2 in) to 10 centimetres (3.9 in) wide[6] mostly elliptic, rounded at the ends and pointed near the leaf stalk. When young, covered with soft, fine, tangled, rust colored hairs. When mature, hairs only along the veins on the undersurface.[4] Tops hairless and a dull mediumgreen with paler veins,[7] backs velvety,[5] dull grey-green with raised pale green veins. New leaves are whitish below.[7]

Leaves are single and alternate, 2-ranked[4] attached to the branches with stout 6 millimetres (0.24 in) to 10 millimetres (0.39 in) long and densely hairy leaf stalks.[6]

Flowers
Very pale green,[7] fleshy flowers 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long,[5] with very strong fruity odor,[7] each with three outer, greenish, fleshy, oblong, downy petals and 3 smaller, pinkish inner petals[4] with yellow or brown finely matted hairs outside, whitish with purple spot[5] and many stamens on the inside.[6] They appear on the branches opposite to the leaves, solitary or in pairs or groups of three,[4][6] on flower stalks that are covered densely with fine rust colored hairs, 8 millimetres (0.31 in) to 12 millimetres (0.47 in) long. Buds 15 millimetres (0.59 in) to 18 millimetres (0.71 in) long, 5 millimetres (0.20 in) to 8 millimetres (0.31 in) wide at the base.[6]

Fruits and reproduction
Large green conical[7] or heart-shaped compound fruit,[4] 10 centimetres (3.9 in) to 20 centimetres (7.9 in) long,[4] and diameters of 5 centimetres (2.0 in) to 5 centimetres (2.0 in),[6] with skin that gives the appearance of having overlapping scales or knobby warts. Ripening to brown with a fissured surface[7] from winter into spring;[5] weighing on the average 150 grams (5.3 oz) to 500 grams (18 oz) but extra large specimens may weigh 2.7 kilograms (6.0 lb) or more.[4] The ripened flesh is creamy white[7] and contains numerous hard, inedible, brown or black, beanlike, glossy seeds, 1 centimetre (0.39 in) to 2 centimetres (0.79 in) long[4] and about half as wide.[6]
Hand pollinated flowers give more fruits.

Annona cherimola, preferring the cool Andean altitudes, hybridizes with the other Annona species and a hybrid with A. reticulata called atemoya has received some attention in West Africa.[8] Along with other Annona species, Annona cherimola has been shown to possess antioxidant activity in its flesh and skin components [9]

Cultivars
Chirimoya of the Granada-Málaga Tropical Coast
The Chirimoya of the Granada-Málaga Tropical Coast is a fruit of the cultivar ‘Fino de Jete" grown in the Granada-Málaga tropical southern coast of Spain with theEU's appellation protected designation of origin status. [10]
This variety is prepared and packed in the geographical area because "it is a very delicate perishable fruit and its skin is very susceptible to browning caused by mechanical damage, such as rubbing, knocks, etc. The fruit must be handled with extreme care, from picking by hand in the field to packing in the warehouse, which must be carried out within 24 hours. Repacking or further handling is strictly forbidden." [11]

Distribution
Widely cultivated now, Annona cherimola is believed to originate from the Andes at altitudes of 700 metres (2,300 ft) to 2,400 metres (7,900 ft)[4][12] although an alternate hypothesis postulates Central America as the origin of Annona cherimola because many of its wild relatives occur in this area.[12] From there it was taken by Europeans to various parts of the tropics. Unlike other Annona species[13] A. cherimola has not successfully naturalized in West Africa,[8] and in AustralasiaAnnona glabra is often misidentified as this species.

Native
Neotropic:
Western South America: Ecuador, Peru[1][2]
Southern South America: Chile[2]
Current (naturalized and native)
Neotropic:[2][4][14][15][16]
Caribbean: Florida, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico
Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama
Northern South America: Guyana, Venezuela
Western South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Southern South America: Chile, Brazil
Palearctic: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, France, Italy, Spain(Almuñécar, Costa Tropical), Madeira
Afrotropic: Eritrea, Somalia, Tanzania,
Indomalaya: India, Singapore, Thailand

References
1. ^ Jump up to:a b Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (1997-07-11). "Taxon:Annona cherimola L.". Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
2. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Bioversity International. "Result set for: Annonaceae Annona cherimola". New World Fruits Database. Retrieved 2008-04-17.[dead link]
3. Jump up^ Porcher, Michel H. et al.. "Annona cherimola L.". Sorting Annona Names. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database - A Work in Progress. Institute of Land & Food Resources, University of Melbourne. Archived from the original on 30 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
4. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Current name: Annona cherimola".AgroForestryTree Database. International Center For Research In Agroforestry. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
5. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g EEB Greenhouse Staff, University of Connecticut (2008-04-10)."Annona cherimola Mill.". Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses. Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Greenhouses. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
6. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) (2008-04-09)."Annona cherimola (PIER Species info)". PIER species lists. United States Geological Survey & United States Forest Service. Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-17. "Wiggins, I. L.Porter, D. M. 1971. Flora of the Galapágos Islands. Stanford University Press. 998 pp."
7. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h Flynn, Tim (2002-05-22). "Record Detail ANNONACEAE Annona cherimola Mill.". Herbarium Database. National Tropical Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
8. ^ Jump up to:a b Aluka. "Entry for Annona cherimola Mill. [family ANNONACEAE]". African Plants. Ithaka Harbors, Inc. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
9. Jump up^ Gupta-Elera G, Garrett AR, Martinez A, Robison RA, O'Neill KL (2010). "The antioxidant properties of the cherimoya (annona cherimola) fruit". Food Research International. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2010.10.038.
10. Jump up^ "COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 510/2006 ‘CHIRIMOYA DE LA COSTA TROPICAL DE GRANADA-MÁLAGA’". EU DOOR. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
11. Jump up^ "COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 510/2006 ‘CHIRIMOYA DE LA COSTA TROPICAL DE GRANADA-MÁLAGA’". EU DOOR. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
12. ^ Jump up to:a b van Zonneveld M, Scheldeman X, Escribano P, Viruel MA, Van Damme P, et al. 2012 Mapping Genetic Diversity of Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.): Application of Spatial Analysis for Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources. PLoS ONE 7(1): e29845.
13. Jump up^ Aluka. "Entry for Annona glabra Linn. [family ANNONACEAE]". African Plants. Ithaka Harbors, Inc. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
14. Jump up^ Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). "PLANTS Profile, Annona cherimola Mill.". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture,. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
15. Jump up^ Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). "Search results". Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Retrieved 2008-04-17.
16. Jump up^ Landcare Research. "1 *A. cherimola Miller, Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768)". New Zealand Plant Names Database. Landcare Research Allan Herbarium and New Zealand Plant Names Database. Retrieved 2008-04-17. "Cherimoya is cultivated in warmer parts of the North Id, especially in the Bay of Plenty. Frs form regularly in the North Id but apparently never form on Raoul." [source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annona_cherimola on 8/ 14/2014]

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

To view the fruit, go to www.backyardnature.net/chiapas/anona.htm

To know more about the Bible and religion, go to:

1) religioustruths.forumsland.com/

2) www.network54.com/Forum/403209/ 

3) religioustruths.lefora.com/

4) religioustruths.boardhost.com/

5) religious-truths.forums.com/

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7) religioustruths.forumotion.com/

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to, religious-truths.forums.com/default/digital-book-on-18-part-follow-christ-bible-study-3?replies=6#post-1421

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org! 

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Fuchsia boliviana is a species of Fuchsia native to southern Peru, Bolivia and northern Argentina.[1] It is a medium evergreen shrub, growing to 2–4 m tall, rarely to 6 m, with a spreading, open habit. It has large, hairy mid-green leaves and red petioles. It has large drooping corymbs up to 20 cm long borne in late summer and autumn of scarlet red flowers with the individual flowers 3–7 cm long. A white-flowering form exists named 'Alba', with a white tube and scarlet petals.[2] After flowering it bears small red-purple, edible fruit 10–26 mm long.[3][4]

Fuchsia boliviana is widely grown in shade or part-shade in cooler, subtropical climates. Plants require protection from direct sun and temperatures exceeding 40 °C. The plants are hardy to about -4 °C for short periods. Propagation is by seed or cuttings.[3]

References
1. ^ Jump up to:a b Germplasm Resources Information Network Fuchsia boliviana
2. Jump up^ "Fuchsia boliviana".
3. ^ Jump up to:a b Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening 2: 352. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
4. Jump up^ Bryant, K., Rodd, T. (2005). The Ultimate Plant Book. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia ISBN 0-643-09374-5
[source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuchsia_boliviana on 8/14/2014]

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

To view flowers, fruit, etc., go to www.strangewonderfulthings.com/109.htm and toptropicals.com/catalog/uid/Fuchsia_boliviana.htm

To know more about the Bible and religion, go to:

1) religioustruths.forumsland.com/

2) www.network54.com/Forum/403209/ 

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4) religioustruths.boardhost.com/

5) religious-truths.forums.com/

6) religioustruthsbyiris.createmybb3.com/ 

7) religioustruths.forumotion.com/

To enjoy an online Bible study called “Follow the Christ” go to, religious-truths.forums.com/default/digital-book-on-18-part-follow-christ-bible-study-3?replies=6#post-1421

Your Friend in Christ Iris89 

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org! 

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Hackberry tree, which originally I was not planning to cover, but one reader expressed an interest in, so here is the data on this popular, but by no means rare fruiting tree. However, the fruit of most Hackberry trees is only suitable for consumption by birds and NOT by humans. The problem in covering the Hackberry tree is the term actually refers to over 70 different but related species of the genus Celtis. So the term Hackberry is confusing and giving specifics on any particular member of this genus is impossible.

One source says, “Hackberry is a tree with an elm-like form and is, in fact, related to the elm. The wood of hackberry has never been used to any large extent due to its softness and an almost immediate propensity to rot when in contact with the elements. However, Celtis occidentalis is a forgiving urban tree and is considered tolerant of most soil and moisture conditions.

Hackberry forms a rounded vase reaching a height of 40 to 80 feet, is a rapid grower, andtransplants easily. The mature bark is light gray, rough and corky and its small berry like fruit turns from orange red to purple and is relished by birds. The fruit temporarily stains walks.

Common Names: common hackberry, sugarberry, nettletree, beaverwood, northern hackberry.
Habitat: On good bottom-land soils it grows fast and may live to 20 years.

Description: Hackberry is planted as a street tree in midwestern cities because of its tolerance to a wide range of soil and moisture conditions.

Uses: used in inexpensive furniture where a light-colored wood is desired.

Hackberry is widely distributed in the eastern United States from the southern New England States through central New York west in southern Ontario to North and South Dakota. Northern outliers are found in southern Quebec, western Ontario, southern Manitoba, and southeastern Wyoming. The range extends south from western Nebraska to northeastern Colorado and northwestern Texas, then east to Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina, with scattered occurrences in Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia.

Hackberry grows naturally in moist bottomland soil but will grow rapidly in a variety of soil types from moist, fertile soils to hot, dry, rocky locations in the full sun. Hackberry is tolerant of highly alkaline soil whereas Sugarberry is not. It is wind, drought, salt and pollution tolerant once established and is considered a moderately tough, urban-tolerant tree. Skilled pruning is required several times during the first 15 years of life to prevent formation of weak branch crotches and weak multiple trunks.

It was extensively used in street plantings in parts of Texas and in other cities as it tolerates most soils except extremely alkaline, and grows in sun or partial shade but branches may break out from the trunk if proper pruning and training is not conducted early in the life of the tree. Even slight injury to the trunk and branches can initiate extensive decay inside the tree. If you use this tree, locate it where it will be protected from mechanical injury. Best for low-use areas such as along the edge of woods or in an open lawn, not for along streets. The tree is very susceptible to damage in an ice storm.

One especially nice cultivar is Prairie Pride, a quick-growing tree with a uniform, upright, compact crown. Prune and thin the canopy to prevent formation of weak, multi-trunk trees.

Pests: The most common insect on Hackberry causes the Hackberry nipple gall. A pouch or gall forms on the lower leaf surface in response to feeding. There are sprays available if you care to reduce this cosmetic problem. Scales of various types may be found on Hackberry. These may be partially controlled with horticultural oil sprays.

Diseases: Several fungi cause leaf spots on Hackberry. The disease is worse during wet weather but chemical controls are seldom needed. Witches broom is caused by a mite and powdery mildew. The main symptom is clusters of twigs scattered throughout the tree crown. Prune out the clusters of twigs when practical. It is most common on Celtis occidentalis. Powdery mildew may coat the leaves with white powder. The leaves may be uniformly coated or only in patches. Mistletoe is an effective colonizer of Hackberry, which can kill a tree over a period of time. It appears as evergreen masses several feet in diameter scattered about the crown. forestry.about.com/od/hardwoods/ss/hackberry.htm on 11/11/2013]”

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

Pictures and additional information on the Hackberry can be found at forestry.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&zTi=1&sdn=forestry&cdn=education&tm=8&f=00&su=p284.13.342.ip_&tt=29&bt=2&bts=33&zu=http%3A//www.ag.ndsu.edu/trees/handbook/th-3-119.pdf

More information, Celtis, commonly known as hackberries, is a genus of about 60-70 species of deciduous trees widespread in warm temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, in southern Europe, southern and eastern Asia, and southern and central North America, south to central Africa, and northern and central South America. The genus is present in the fossil record at least since the Miocene of Europe.
Previously included either in the elm family (Ulmaceae) or a separate family, Celtidaceae, the APG III system places Celtis in an expanded hemp family (Cannabaceae).
The generic name originated in Latin and was applied by Pliny the Elder (23-79) to the unrelated Ziziphus lotus.
Celtis species are generally medium-sized trees, reaching 10–25 m (33–82 ft) tall, rarely up to 40 m (130 ft) tall. The leaves are alternate, simple, 3–15 cm (1.2–5.9 in) long, ovate-acuminate, and evenly serrated margins.
Small monoecious flowers appear in early spring while the leaves are still developing. Male flowers are longer and fuzzy. Female flowers are greenish and more rounded.
The fruit is a small drupe 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) in diameter, edible in many species, with a dryish but sweet, sugary consistency, reminiscent of a date.
Selected species
* Celtis africana Burm.f. – White Stinkwood
* Celtis australis L. – European Hackberry, European Nettle Tree or Lote tree
* Celtis balansae Planch. (NEW CALEDONIA (AUSTRALIA))
* Celtis biondii
* Celtis brasiliensis Planch.
* Celtis bungeana L. – Bunge's Hackberry
* Celtis caucasica L. – Caucasian Hackberry
* Celtis cinnamonea
* Celtis conferta
* Celtis durandii Engl.
[ syn. C. gomphophylla Bak. ]
* Celtis ehrenbergiana (Klotzsch) Liebm. – Spiny Hackberry, granjeno (Spanish) (SOUTHERN US, MEXICO, GREATER ANTILLES, NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA)
* Celtis glabrata
* Celtis hypoleuca Planch. (NEW CALEDONIA (AUSTRALIA))
* Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg. – Iguana Hackberry (FLORIDA (USA), MEXICO, CARIBBEAN, C and SOUTH AMERICA)
* Celtis integrifolia L. – African Hackberry
* Celtis jessoensis Koidz. – Japanese Hackberry (JAPAN, KOREA)
* Celtis koraiensis L. – Korean Hackberry
* Celtis labilis L. – Hubei Hackberry
* Celtis laevigata Willd. – Southern Hackberry or Sugar Hackberry, (SOUTHERN US / TEXAS) Sugarberry (E USA, NE MEXICO)
* Celtis lindheimeri Engelm. ex K.Koch – Lindheimer's Hackberry (TEXAS (USA), COAHUILA (MEXICO))
* Celtis loxensis
* Celtis luzonica Warb. (PHILIPPINES)
* Celtis mildbraedii Engl.
* Celtis occidentalis L. – Common Hackberry, Northern Hackberry, False Elm (E NORTH AMERICA)
* Celtis pallida – Desert Hackberry, Shiny Hackberry (SOUTHWESTERN US / TEXAS, N MEXICO)
* Celtis paniculata (Endl.) Planch. (E MALESIA, E AUSTRALIA, MICRONESIA, W POLYNESIA)
* Celtis reticulata Torr. – Netleaf Hackberry (W North America)
* Celtis schippii
* Celtis sinensis Pers. – Chinese hackberry, Chinese nettle-tree or Japanese hackberry (CHINA, JAPAN)
[ syn. C. japonica Planch.; C. sinensis var. japonica (Planch.) Nakai; C. tetrandra ssp. sinensis (Roxb.) Y.C.Tang ]
* Celtis tala Gillet ex Planch. – Tala (SOUTH AMERICA)
* Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. – Dwarf Hackberry (E NORTH AMERICA)
* Celtis tetranda Roxb.
* Celtis timorensis Span.
* Celtis tournefortii L. – Oriental Hackberry
* Celtis triflora
* Celtis trinervia
Uses and ecology
Several species are grown as ornamental trees, valued for their drought tolerance. They are a regular feature of arboreta and botanical gardens, particularly in North America. Chinese Hackberry (C. sinensis) is suited for bonsai culture, while a magnificent specimen in Daegu-myeon is one of the natural monuments of South Korea. Some, including Common Hackberry (C. occidentalis) and C. brasiliensis, are honey plants and pollen source for honeybees of lesser importance. Hackberry wood is sometimes used in cabinetry and woodworking.
The berries are often eaten locally. The Korean tea gamro cha (, ) contains C. sinensis leaves.
Lepidoptera
* Celtis species are used as foodplants by the caterpillars of certain Lepidoptera. These include mainly brush-footed butterflies, most importantly the distinct genus Libythea (beak butterflies) and some Apaturinae (emperor butterflies) ) [source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtis on 11/11/2013]
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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

THE RARE FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLES:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Halleria lucida (also known as Tree Fuchsia, umBinza or Notsung) is a small, attractive, evergreen tree that is indigenous to Southern Africa. It is increasingly grown as an ornamental tree in African gardens.

This tree has lush, glossy, bright-green foliage on arching and drooping branches. It is often multi-stemmed and can eventually reach a height of over 15m. The way that the dense foliage droops from the hanging branches gives the tree a willowy appearance.

Notsung is unusual in producing its flowers and fruit, not from the tips of its branches like most flowering trees, but from its trunk. This characteristic is also found in other Southern African trees such as Stamvrug. The orange or purple flowers are incredibly rich in nectar and bi-sexual. The small, fleshy fruits are edible (but do not taste particularly good). It is a member of the Snapdragon family.

Distribution
The natural range of this tree extends throughout South Africa, as well as northwards through East Africa as far as Ethiopia.
Its natural habitats include deep afro-montane forest, forest fringes, open mountain slopes, gorges and river banks. Like many other trees, in a shady habitat (like deep forest) Halleria lucida grows tall and slender; while it forms a smaller shrub-like tree if grown in the open.

Growing Halleria lucida
Tough and easy to grow, Halleria lucida is becoming popular as an ornamental tree for gardens. It is undoubtedly one of the best trees in Africa for attracting birds, but it is usually grown more for its attractive foliage and flowers. It tolerates full sun as well as partial shade and, once established, it can also survive moderate drought. This makes it particularly suitable for growing in mildly arid areas. It is also a relatively fast-growing tree.
This is an excellent tree for bringing birds to the garden. Hummingbirds are attracted by the nectar of the flowers, and the fruits attract a large range of other birds.

The leaves and fruits of Halleria lucida are an important component of traditional African medicine. In addition, it has a function in traditional Zulu religion, as the ceremonial burning of the leaves is believed to counter witchcraft and summon the protective spirits of dead ancestors. (source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halleria_lucida on 3/21/2013)
Tradewinds seed and plant co., says, “An attractive and interesting member of the foxglove family (unrelated to fuchsia's) appreciated for its ornamental flowers and edible fruits. Fruits are not generally well-regarded, but are edible and sweet to the mouth.

Description: A shrubby tree, usually growing to 12-20ft, though it can reach 50ft in some locations. The pretty, orange-yellow, tubular flowers are quite reminiscent of Fuchsia flowers and are borne directly off of the trunk and branches in Spring. The flowers attract hummingbirds. Fleshy, thin walled fruits follow and ripen to a green-black color. The pulp is translucent, with numerous small black seeds.

Growing Environment: Grows well in mildly arid climates. Water during warm months, but the tree will tolerate some drought. Grow in full sun or part shade. Grow in well-drained soil.

Propagation: By seeds, which should be planted in well-drained soil and kept at 75-90F. Seeds generally take 6-12 weeks to germinate, though occasionally longer. The tree is also propagated by softwood cuttings, which can be rooted using rooting hormone.

Uses: Mainly grown as an ornamental, though its fruits are edible and are quite popular with birds. The Zulu's have used this tree for traditional medicine and is used to treat earaches. The tree also has some religious significance and is used in offerings to spirits.
Native Range: Native to forests and scrub lands around the Cape in South Africa and along the Eastern coast of South Africa, north to Zimbabwe.

Hardiness: Hardy to at least 20F, possibly lower. (source - retrieved from www.tradewindsfruit.com/tree_fuchsia.htm on 3/21/2013)

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

To view images of this tree and it’s fruit, go to, www.bing.com/images/search?q=Halleria+lucida+Tree+Fuchsia&qpvt=Halleria+lucida+Tree+Fuchsia&FORM=IGRE

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

Hi Everyone:

Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Herbert River Cherry, or Antidesma dallachyanum, Antidesma is a genus of tropical plant in the Phyllanthaceae. This is a variable plant which may be short and shrubby or tall and erect, approaching 30 meters in height.It has large oval shaped leathery evergreen leaves up to about 20 centimeters long and seven wide. The flowers have a strong, somewhat unpleasant scent. The staminate flowers are arranged in small bunches and the pistillate flowers grow on long racemes which will become the long strands of fruit. The fruits are spherical and just under a centimeter wide, hanging singly or paired in long, heavy bunches. They are white when immature and gradually turn red, then black.When they are still white they have sour and astringent taste, sour taste when they are red and have sweet and sour taste when they are black. Antidesma is native to the Old World Tropics. They have about 100 species and the highest number in South-East Asia. There are 18 species of Antidesma in Thailand.

The evergreen (sometimes deciduous) simple leaves have fine hairs and show no glands. They grow in an alternate arrangement, with entire, symmetrical blades. They are connected to the stem with a petiole (leaf stalk) and stipules (appendage at the base of a leaf stalk).

The flowers grow in a raceme, with 1 bract per flower, on a short pedicel (tiny stalk, supporting a single flower). Their color is light yellowish green, but may turn red when mature. These plants are dioecious, i.e. unisexual, with male and female flowers on separate plants. There are 3 to 8 fused sepals, but no petals. The male flowers have 2 to 8 stamens, but no pistils. The female flowers have 2 to 6 stigmas. They have a 1-locular ovary with 2 ovules.

The globose to ellipsoid fruits resemble a drupe. Their color varies from green to white, red and black. The fleshy and juicy fruits are edible with a sour to bitter sweet taste. Some individuals find Antidesma bunius berries to have a bitter taste. Those who detect this bitter taste cannot taste PTC, and similarly those who can taste PTC can not taste any bitterness in Antidesma bunius. (source - retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antidesma on 1/12/2013)

In Genesis 1:11-13, "And God said, Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit-trees bearing fruit after their kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth: and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day. (American Standard Version, ASV)[for more details, go to http://www.jw.org].

A picture of the Herbert River Cherry (which grows in large bunches similar to grapes) can be viewed at rfcarchives.org.au/Next/Fruits/Collect/HRCherry_Image.htm

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth."Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!

[iris89]

SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [Wednesday]

But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart. 1 Samuel 16:7 (Authorized King James Bible; AV)

In order to adjust our thinking to that of Jehovah’s, we should analyze our view of those who seem to be weak. For example, how do we react when a teenager does not exercise discretion in his choice of entertainment or when he displays a careless attitude? Instead of being overly critical, why not reflect on what we might do to help him grow to maturity? We can take the initiative to assist someone in need of help, and in doing so, we actually grow in understanding and love.

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Your Friend in Christ Iris89

Francis David said it long ago, "Neither the sword of popes...nor the image of death will halt the march of truth. "Francis David, 1579, written on the wall of his prison cell." Read the book, "What Does The Bible Really Teach" and the Bible today, and go to www.jw.org!